Podcast / Lessons

Today we visit the Channel Islands. The Channel Islands are a group of islands in the English Channel, close to the north coast of France. But they are not part of France. And they are not really part of Britain either. The British Queen is also ruler of the Channel Islands, and the British government looks after their defence and foreign affairs. But in other respects, the islands are tiny independent states – they have their own Parliaments and governments and their own laws. Until about 100 years ago, most people on the islands spoke a dialect of French, but today the main language is English.

Сталин с Булгаковым играл как кошка с мышкой.

BOB DOUGHTY: I'm Bob Doughty. SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: And I'm Shirley Griffith with EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English. Today we travel around the world exploring the history of chocolate. Its story begins with a plant whose scientific name, Theobroma cacao, means "food of the gods." For centuries, people have been enjoying the rich flavor of chocolate, a product made from this plant. Join us as we tell about the history of chocolate and how it is produced. We will also meet Jane Morris, a chocolate maker in Washington, DC. (MUSIC) BOB DOUGHTY: Most people today think of chocolate as something sweet to eat or drink than can be easily found in stores around the world. It might surprise you that chocolate was once highly treasured. SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Historians believe the Maya people of Central America first learned to farm cacao plants around two thousand years ago. The Maya took the cacao trees from the rainforests and grew them in their gardens. They cooked the cacao seeds, then crushed them into a soft paste. They mixed the paste with water and flavorful spices to make an unsweetened chocolate drink. The Maya poured the chocolate drink back and forth between two containers so that the liquid had a layer of bubbles, or foam. Cacao and chocolate were an important part of Maya culture. There are often images of cacao plants on Maya buildings and art objects. Ruling families drank chocolate at special ceremonies. And, even poorer members of society could enjoy the drink once in a while.

Some teachers blame the Internet for an increase in spelling and grammar errors. But language experts praise it for making communication more expressive.

Hip-hop artists sing about important social issues for young people.

Kevin is very excited. His boss has asked him to go to a big sales conference. You remember that Kevin has written a paper for his company about the market for cat food. One of the top people in his company has seen the paper and likes it. The top person does not actually understand the paper. That is because top people only understand big things like international finance, and where shall we play golf next weekend. But the top person said to himself, "This Kevin obviously understands all about cat food. He must come to the sales conference." So Kevin makes plans to go to the sales conference. The conference takes place in an executive hotel near Heathrow airport in London. This hotel is possibly the least attractive place in England. And it is expensive. But the sales conference has always been held there, every year since 1998, so it has become a tradition. Kevin decides to travel to the conference on the train. Other people come to the conference in their cars. The people from America and Germany come on the plane to Heathrow airport. Other people come on a bus, or on the underground, or in a taxi. The director responsible for the company’s environmental policy comes on her bicycle.

Булгаков не мог рассказать о современной Москве, противопоказанной интеллигент­ному человеку, профессору. Он не мог сделать так, чтобы он погибал, подобно тому, как в «Дьяволиаде» погибает ее герой, маленький человек. Он сделал одну, первую — и она же последняя — попытку изобразить маленького чело­века. Он хотел изображать других.

How a music and dance form created in New York in the early 1970s is giving artists worldwide a new stage for political expression.

В своем неоконченном романе «Записки покойника» Булгаков рассказывает до­вольно близко к реальности историю написания и попыток напечатания своего первого романа — «Белая гвардия». А затем в рукописи «Записок покойника» появляются такие слова: «Ну что же, сиди и сочиняй второй роман, раз ты взялся за это дело…»

Босни́йский язы́к (также босняцкий, босанский, бошняцкий; самоназвание: bosanski jezik / босански језик) — язык южнославянской группы, традиционно считающийся этнолектом сербохорватского. Это язык мусульманского населения бывшей Югославии, распространённый преимущественно в Боснии и Герцеговине, где имеет официальный статус, в Сербии (главным образом, в области Новопазарский Санджак), в Черногории и в частично признанной Республике Косово. В Республике Сербской язык официально называется језик бошњачког народа. Основные отличия языка от сербского и хорватского заключаются в широко представленных турцизмах, арабизмах и персизмах, закрепившихся здесь во времена господства Османской империи. На боснийском говорит около 1,33 млн человек. Письменность на латинице-гаевице и кириллице-вуковице, ранее применялись также арабское письмо, глаголица и босанчица (местная разновидность кириллицы). Приложение для изучения боснийского языка: https://www.lingo-play.com/ru/онлайн-уроки-боснийского-языка/

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